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Kumar, R. K.
- Lissencephaly-'Who Should be Diagnosing It?'
Abstract Views :197 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Cloudnine Hospitals, IN
2 Cloudnine Hospitals, Bangalore, IN
1 Cloudnine Hospitals, IN
2 Cloudnine Hospitals, Bangalore, IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 69, No 9 (2016), Pagination: 25-27Abstract
Lissencephaly is a rare congenital developmental brain disorder resulting from defect in neuronal migration, leading to a characteristic marked reduction or absence of the convolution pattern of the cerebral hemispheres. The paucity in the development of brain gyri and sulci is due to defective neuronal migration during 10-14 weeks. We report a lissencephaly case, in 33 weeks+5days twins with refractory seizures and review the literature regarding the same.Keywords
Lissencephaly, Neuronal Migration.
References
- Norman MC, McGilliuray BC, Kalousek DK, Hill A, Poskitt KJ. Congenital malformations of the brain: pathologic, embriologic, clinical, radiologic and genetic aspects. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1995.
- Guerrini R, Parrini E. Neuronal migration disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2010; 38(2): 154−66.
- Dobyns Wb, Leventer LJ. Lissencephaly: the clinical and molecular genetic basis of diffuse malformations of neuronal migration. In Disorder of neuronal migration. International review of child neurology series. 2003: 24-57.
- Dobyns Wb, Truwit CL. Lissencephaly and Other Malformations of Cortical Development: 1995 Update. Neuropediatrics 1995; 26(3): 132−47
- Dobyns WB, Stratton RF, Parke JT, Greenberg F, Nussbaum RL, Ledbetter DH. Miller–Dieker syndrome: lissencephaly and monosomy 17p. J Pediatrics1983; 102: 552–564.
- Warburg M. Hydrocephaly, congenital retinal nonattachment, and congenital falciform fold. Am J Ophthalmol. 1978;85:88–94.
- M.E. Ross, K. Swanson, W.B. Dobyns. Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia (LCH): a heterogeneous group of cortical malformations. Neuropediatrics, 32 (2001), pp. 256–263
- O.A. Glenn, A.J. Barkovich Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain and spine: an increasingly important tool in prenatal diagnosis, Part 1 AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 27 (2006), pp. 1604–1611
- GrecoP, Resta M, Vimercati A, et al. Antenatal diagnosis of isolated lissencephaly by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol1998;12:276–279.
- Ganeshwaran H, Mochida. Genetics and biology of microcephaly and lissencephaly. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2009; 16 (3): 120-126
- Newborn Screening: Saves Lives-Why is India Lagging behind in Implementing Newborn Screening?
Abstract Views :218 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Cloudnine Hospitals, Bangalore, IN
2 Cloudnine Hospital, Chennai, IN
1 Cloudnine Hospitals, Bangalore, IN
2 Cloudnine Hospital, Chennai, IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 70, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 28-31Abstract
Newborn screening (NBS) is performed to identify genetic and biochemical disorders which cannot be identified clinically by routine examination after birth. Very few studies are available from India on the incidence of various disorders that are routinely identified by NBS. We present here the data from our database.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we collected data from our NBS database. We included all infants in the study for whom NBS was performed.
Results: We performed 48,600 tests over a period of 10 years. Among these, 1979 (4.1%) were found to be abnormal. Repeat testing was required in 98 (0.2%) of the cases. We found the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism, congenital adrenal hyperplasiaand G6PD deficiency were 1.2, 0.3 and 20 per 1000 live births respectively. Among the inborn errors of metabolism, the common disorders were Methymalonic academia (MMA) secondary to maternal vitamin B12 deficiency (5 per 1000) and transient tyrosinemia (1.1 per 1000).
Conclusion: Newborn screening saves lives. It has been shown to be effective in preventing handicap around the world and many countries have programmes on newborn screening for over 5 decades. In our study, had we not screened, we would have contributed 1055 children to mental retardation (958 G6PD deficiency and 57 children with congenital hypothyroidism) and probably would have lost another 100 babies who would have become statistics in India and 17 babies from our centres would have contributed to our Hijra population.
Keywords
Newborn Screening (NBS), Congenital Hypothyroidism (CHT), Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (G6PD Def).References
- Boyle CA, Bocchini Jr JA, Kelly J. Reflections on 50 years of newborn screening. Pediatrics. 2014;133:961–3.
- Wilson JMG, Jungner G. Principles and practice of screening for disease. World Health Organization Public Health Papers, No. 34; 1968. http://whqlibdoc. who.int /php/ WHO_PHP_34.pdf. Accessed on September 28, 2014.
- Bradford L. Therrell, Carmencita D. Padilla, Gerard Loeber, IssamKneisser, AmalSaadallah et al. Current Status of newborn screening worldwide 2015. Seminars in Perinatology 2015; 39: 171 – 187.
- N.Nagar, Kishore Kumar R. Challenges in implementation of universal neonatal screening in India: P56 – Poster presentation @ NNF, Pune 13-16th Dec 2007.
- Dr R. Kishore Kumar, Karambir Sing Gill, Shekar Subbaiah, Gauri Krishna. Significance of Newborn Screening for Citrullinaemia. Perinatology 2015; 16 (2): 85-87.
- R. Kishore Kumar, Ranieri E, Fletcher J. Newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism in India is overdue. J Neonatal Biol. 2014;3:129.
- Dutta R. ICMR to conduct first nationwide newborn screening for genetic disorders. Express healthcare Management. 1st to 15th Sept 2005.
- R. Kishore Kumar, Hari Das, Prakash Kini. Newborn Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in India: What do we need to watch out for? J Obs&Gyanec India. 2016; 66 (6): 415-9.
- N Nagar, Kishore Kumar R. Is Newborn Screening by TMS relevant to India? P55 - Poster presentation at NNF, Pune 13-16th Dec;2007.
- R. Kishore Kumar, Nagar N, Ranieri E. Newborn screening for G6PD deficiency- why is it important for India? Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81: 90–1.
- R. Kishore Kumar, Piyush Shah & Syed Tejamul. Galactosaemia – The Cause of Gram Negative Neonatal Sepsis. BAOJ Pediatrics; 2016: 2 (2): 006-7.
- R. Kishore Kumar, Piyush Shah, Ramya A.N., Ramani Ranjan. Diagnosing Developmental Dysplasia of Hips in Newborns using Clinical Screen and Ultrasound of Hips – An Indian experience. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2016, 0, 1–5 doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmv107
- Dr R. Kishore Kumar, Dr Lakshmy Menon, Dr Nandini Nagar, Dr AshwiniKawale, Dr Suma.A.R. Analysis of cord blood gas – a prospective study – an Indian experience. J Ind Chapter RCPI; 2016: Jan: 14 – 21.
- IC Verma, S Bijarnia-Mahay, G Jhingan, J Verma. Newborn Screening: Need of the hour in India. Indian J Pediatr 2015; 82(1): 61-70.
- High Temperature Erosion Resistance Characteristics of Boiler Tube Materials of Thermal Power Plant
Abstract Views :172 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560080, IN
2 Senior Research Fellow, Central Power Research Institue, Bangalore-560080, IN
3 UBDT College of Engineering, Davangere-577002, Karnataka, IN
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560080, IN
2 Senior Research Fellow, Central Power Research Institue, Bangalore-560080, IN
3 UBDT College of Engineering, Davangere-577002, Karnataka, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 12, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 603-612Abstract
The boiler tubes of Indian thermal power plants are exposed to severe erosive ash environment leading to continuous metal wastage and failure. The erosion resistance of the boiler tube material is affected by hardness, particle velocity, impact angle, particle size and metal temperature. The parameters affecting the erosion resistance properties are required to be evaluated in the laboratory under accelerated condition using a tunnel type erosion test rig. The present paper highlights the results of high temperature erosion of five different widely used boiler tube materials such as T11, T91, T22, carbon steel, and SS304 have been brought out in terms of their erosion resistance properties under different temperature conditions. The properties are compared with that of room temperature erosion resistance properties. The erosion resistance characteristics were studied for different velocity and impact angles around the circumference of the boiler tube. The evolution of surface roughness corresponding to different angles around the boiler tube, upon erosion, in comparison with the carbon steel tube, is presented.Keywords
Boiler Tube, Erosion, Superheater, Reheater, Surface Roughness, Impact Angle- Condition Assessment of Generator Rotor Shaft of 108 MW Hydro Plant Through Phased Array Ultrasonic Technique and Estimation of Remaining Life Through Finite Element Analysis
Abstract Views :167 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560080, India
2 Senior Research Fellow, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore, IN
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560080, India
2 Senior Research Fellow, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 12, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 613-624Abstract
The Condition Assessment of Generator rotor shaft of typical 108MW plant has been carried out involving the application of advanced Phased Array Ultrasonic Technique (PAUT)to quantify the volumetric nature of the defects in the rotor. This technique involves mapping of the entire rotor volume in different segments and layers using multiple ultrasonic sensors. The imaging of defects in the rotor shaft was carried out in four different diameter sections 558 mm, 610mm, 737 mm and 914 mm. The scanning of entire shaft geometry regions was done following different patches from top to bottom portion of the shaft by PAUT and analysis of individual scanning results for evaluation of crack size, position inside the rotor geometry and orientation. The critical defects identified by this technique with their locations and orientation inside the rotor has been presented. The stress and fatigue life of the shaft under defect free conditions have been carried out by finite element analysis using the commercial code Fe-SafeTM. The calculation of remaining life of the rotor shaft was carried out based on the principle of fracture mechanics using the code ZENCRACKTM. The results of the crack growth rate data of critical cracks close to the surface were presented.Keywords
Hydro Turbine Generator, Phased Array Ultrasonic Inspection, Stress Analysis- CFD Modelling of the Blended Coal Combustion in A Typical 210MW Indian Boiler
Abstract Views :180 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 SRF, Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru-560080, IN
2 Joint Director, Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru-560080, IN
3 Additional Director (Retd.), Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru-560080, IN
1 SRF, Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru-560080, IN
2 Joint Director, Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru-560080, IN
3 Additional Director (Retd.), Materials Technology Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru-560080, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 12, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 625-636Abstract
The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) assessment was carried out for the combustion of pure Indian coal and the blends of Indian/imported coals at various proportions in a typical 210 M We Indian boiler. The input fuel mass flow rate was calculated in various cases to give the same thermal input to the boiler. The various sub models used for the CFD assessment has been described in the paper. The velocity and temperature profiles of the gas phase, combustion profile of the particles, heat flux distribution to the walls of the boiler and also the thermal efficiency of the boiler were assessed in the present work. It was found that the particle and fluid dynamics play a major role in the heat flux distribution in the boiler. The Indian and imported coal blend proportion of 80/20 showed good thermal efficiency compared to the pure Indian coal and other blend proportions.Keywords
Blended Coal, CFD, Indian Boiler, Heat Flux Distribution, Pre-mixed Blending- Influence of Nickel on Abrasion and Erosion Wear Behavior of Thin and Thick Section Permanent Molded Austempered Ductile Iron for Wind Turbine Hubs
Abstract Views :177 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, CMR Instituteof Technology, Bangalore, IN
2 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 010, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, CMR Instituteof Technology, Bangalore, IN
2 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 010, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 9, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 305–310Abstract
The influence of 2.0% nickel on thin and section permanent molded austempered ductile iron samples were investigated for abrasion and erosion behavior. The section sizes of samples were varied at two levels viz. 25 mm and 50 mm. Wind turbine hubs which were subjected to wear and erosion were made from thin and thick section PMADI castings. The austempering temperature and time were optimized for improved wear behavior and strength at 3000 C for 60 mins. Nickel additions showed about 7% improvement in the wear resistance of thin section PMADI samples over unalloyed PMADI samples. For the purpose of comparison, sand-cast austempered ductile iron was also evaluated for abrasion, erosion resistance. Thin section (25 mm) PMADI samples subjected to austempering at 3000 C for 60 mins showed improved abrasion and erosion behavior in addition to higher strength values over thick section (50 mm) PMADI and sand cast ADI samples. Further these data were analyzed with structure property correlation and were well supported by light photomicrographs.Keywords
PMADI, Thin/thick section, Abrasion\erosion and Wind turbine hubs- Conversion of Biomedical Wastes to Energy by Plasma Technologies
Abstract Views :74 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru – 560012, Karnataka, IN
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru – 560012, Karnataka, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 17, No 2 (2021), Pagination: 75-80Abstract
The Biomedical Wastes (BMW) include variety of materials like plastics, radioactive elements, metals, infectious biomolecules, etc which are hazardous and pose potential health risk to the people when they are directly released to environment. There are many technologies for treating biomedical wastes like incineration, steam sterilisation before landfilling, etc. The plasma gasification is the state of art technology for the safe disposal of BMW and also convert them to energy. The plasma gasification operates at very high temperatures and the conversion percentage is relatively high compared to any other gasification technologies. The concept of plasma gasification for BMW and the other techno economical aspects are discussed in this paper.Keywords
Biomedical, Biomedical Waste, Plasma Gasification, Microwave, Waste to EnergyReferences
- Messerle VE, et al. Processing of biomedical wastes in plasma gasifier. Waste Management. 2018; 79(2018):791–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.048 PMid:30343813
- Guidelines for Handling of Bio Medical Wastes for Utilisation, CPCB, India; 2019.
- Guidelines for handling, treatment and disposal of waste generated during treatment/diagnonsis/quarantine of COVID-19 patients, CPCB, India; 2020
- Byun Y, Cho M, Hwang S-M, Chung J. Thermal plasma gasification of municipal solid waste. Gasification for Practical Applications; 2012. p. 183–210.
- Plasma gasification commercialization [Internet]. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_gasification_commercialization
- Plasma gasification. [Internet]. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_gasification